Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was an observer of nature and laid the foundations for a phenomenological science. His collected scientific works were edited by Rudolf Steiner. Goethe’s ideas and methodologies inspired Herzeele, Preuss and Holleman. Holleman recommended that the biological transmutation phenomenon might best be studied using a Goethean scientific methodology. Unfortunately he did not detail how such a study should be conducted. This chapter introduces the methodology implicit in Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s scientific studies, as described by Rudolf Steiner, Henri Bortoft and others. Philosophically his method has been characterised as a gentle empiricism, or a combination of what was later described as a combination of phenomenology and hermeneutics. Goethe’s world view was the starting point for Steiner’s philosophical and scientific writings…


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